Density Calculator
Calculate density, mass, or volume using D = m/V. Enter any two values to find the third. Includes a reference table of common material densities.
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How to use this calculator
D = density (kg/m³ or g/cm³), m = mass (kg or g), V = volume (m³ or cm³). Enter any two to solve for the third.
- 1
Enter any two of: mass (g), volume (cm³), or density (g/cm³).
- 2
Set the unknown value to 0 — the calculator solves for it.
- 3
The material hint shows which common substance has a similar density.
Frequently asked questions
What is the density of water?
Pure water at 4°C has a density of exactly 1.000 g/cm³ (or 1,000 kg/m³). Seawater is slightly denser at about 1.025 g/cm³. Ice is less dense (0.917 g/cm³), which is why it floats.
How do I measure volume for an irregular object?
Use water displacement (Archimedes method): place the object in a graduated cylinder filled with water and measure the rise in water level. The volume increase equals the object's volume in mL (1 mL = 1 cm³).
How does density relate to buoyancy?
An object floats if its average density is less than the fluid it is in. A steel ship floats because its average density (hull + air) is less than water. A solid steel block sinks because steel's density (7.87 g/cm³) is much greater than water (1.00 g/cm³).
Density Calculator — Mass, Volume & Material Identification
How to use the density
This density gives you instant, accurate results — no registration or download required. Enter your values above and get your result in seconds. The tool is free, works on all devices, and keeps your data private — nothing is stored or shared.
How the density works
The density calculator uses standard formulas used in mathematics, science, and engineering. Enter your inputs, and the tool calculates the result instantly in your browser. No server-side processing means your data stays on your device. Results update in real time as you change inputs.
Density of common materials
Water: 1.0 g/cm³; Ice: 0.92; Wood (oak): 0.7; Aluminium: 2.7; Concrete: 2.0–2.5; Glass: 2.5; Steel: 7.8–8.0; Copper: 8.96; Lead: 11.34; Mercury: 13.6; Gold: 19.32; Osmium (densest): 22.59 g/cm³.
Using density in engineering and science
Density is used to select materials (lightweight aluminium vs strong steel), calculate shipping weights, verify product purity (adulterated gold has lower density), and determine whether substances will float or sink. In fluid dynamics, density differences drive convection currents and stratification in oceans and atmospheres.
Density: how it works
Built on well-established mathematical principles, this tool delivers accurate results for students, researchers, and professionals. Enter your values and get instant clarity without specialist software or manual arithmetic.
Who uses this tool?
Teachers, students, engineers, and data analysts use it to verify calculations, check homework, and solve problems faster. It is intuitive enough for beginners while comprehensive enough for professional use.
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Results are estimates for informational purposes only and do not constitute professional financial, medical, legal, or technical advice. Read full disclaimer →