Dice Roller
Roll any number of dice with custom sides — D4, D6, D8, D10, D12, D20, D100, or custom.
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How to use this calculator
- 1
Set the number of dice.
- 2
Choose the dice type (D6 is a standard die; D20 is used in tabletop RPGs like D&D).
- 3
Add a modifier (positive or negative number added to the total).
- 4
Click Calculate to roll — each click is a fresh roll.
Frequently asked questions
How are the dice rolled?
Each die is Math.floor(Math.random() * sides) + 1, so every face from 1 up to the number of sides has an equal chance. The generator is the browser’s ordinary pseudo-random function, which is fine for games but not designed for gambling or security. Dice are independent of each other and of earlier clicks, and a roll cannot be replayed.
What are the limits on dice count and sides?
The number of dice is clamped between 1 and 100: entering 500 rolls 100 dice and the result label reads 100D6. Any die with fewer than 2 sides returns an error. Custom sides are only used when "Custom sides" is chosen in the dropdown, and if the custom field is empty or 0 (an emptied box counts as 0) the tool silently uses 6 sides.
How does the modifier work?
The modifier is a whole number added once to the total of all dice, not to each die. 3D30−2 rolls three 30-sided dice and subtracts 2 from their sum. Decimals are cut to whole numbers (1.5 becomes 1) and text counts as 0. The "Sum of Rolls" line shows the total before the modifier so you can see both.
Does it know about critical hits, advantage or rerolls?
No. It rolls and adds. There is no advantage or disadvantage, no keep-highest, no exploding dice and no highlighting of a natural 20 or natural 1. For a d20 check with advantage, roll two d20 and read the higher value from the Individual Rolls line yourself.
How do I roll a percentile d100?
Choose D100, which gives one uniform result from 1 to 100 in a single roll. The physical two-die method (tens die plus units die) is not reproduced, and a physical 00 reading as 100 does not apply here.
What do Min possible and Max possible show?
They are the theoretical bounds for your setup: the dice count plus the modifier at the low end, and dice count × sides plus the modifier at the high end. For 2D6+3 the range is 5 to 15. Real rolls cluster in the middle, so the extremes are rare.
Are the individual dice listed?
Yes, in the order rolled, as a comma-separated list under Individual Rolls. With 100 dice the list is long, but it lets you check the arithmetic or apply house rules such as dropping the lowest die.
Dice roller maths: ranges, totals and likelihood
How the roll and total are built
The tool rolls the requested number of dice of one type, sums them, then adds the modifier once. It reports the total, each individual die, the pre-modifier sum, the notation (for example 2D6+3) and the minimum and maximum the setup could produce. Only one die type is rolled per click, so a mixed attack such as 1D8 plus 1D6 needs two separate rolls.
Worked example: 2D6+3
One real run with 2 dice, D6 and modifier +3 returned Individual Rolls 1, 2; Sum of Rolls 3; Modifier +3; Total 6; Dice 2D6+3; Min possible 5; Max possible 15. That is a low roll, because two dice summing to 3 is only 2 of the 36 combinations. Rolling again gives a fresh, independent result each time.
Worked example: custom sides and a negative modifier
Choosing 3 dice, Custom sides with 30, and modifier −2 produced rolls of 4, 13 and 20, a sum of 37 and a total of 35, labeled 3D30-2, with a range of 1 to 88. The values will differ on your screen. If the custom field had held 1 the tool would have shown the error "Dice must have at least 2 sides" instead of rolling.
Why sums cluster in the middle
A single die is flat: each face has the same chance. Add dice together and the totals bunch around the average, because there are more ways to make middle values than extremes. The table shows every outcome of 2D6 and the number of its 36 equally likely combinations. A total of 7 can be made six ways, while 2 and 12 can each be made only one way.
| Total | Combinations (of 36) | Chance |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 | 2.8% |
| 3 | 2 | 5.6% |
| 4 | 3 | 8.3% |
| 5 | 4 | 11.1% |
| 6 | 5 | 13.9% |
| 7 | 6 | 16.7% |
| 8 | 5 | 13.9% |
| 9 | 4 | 11.1% |
| 10 | 3 | 8.3% |
| 11 | 2 | 5.6% |
| 12 | 1 | 2.8% |
Single die versus several dice
A d20 gives a 5% chance of every number from 1 to 20, so swingy results are common. Three d6 span 3 to 18 with 10 and 11 the most common totals (27 of 216 combinations each) and 3 or 18 turning up only once in 216. Choose one large die for volatility and several small dice for results nearer the average. The tool’s randomness comes from Math.random, which suits tabletop play but not wagering.
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Results are estimates for informational purposes only and do not constitute professional financial, medical, legal, or technical advice. Read full disclaimer →